TGV/MGV Mathematics Terminology
Ba-|Iyi-Gol-Vuhlkansu - Zhilikam t'Su'us-Ek'tal

The science of numbers has had a long and honored history on Vulcan (T'Khasi). Millennia ago, great mathematicians, like Kusak, Seshet and D'Khosi, set down the foundations of modern Vulcan mathematics. Of course, with membership in the United Federation of Planets, Vulcan mathematics has grown somewhat and so has its terminology.

Examples of Traditional and Modern Golic Vulcan vocabulary in mathematics, algebra and geometry:

Abacus -- tum-nentu
Abscissa -- pa'ash-sfek-pit
Absolute convergence -- ek'es-teretaya
Absolute value -- tsuri-tala
Acceleration -- sahraya
Acute angle -- zat-vulu
Add (v.) -- hau
Addend -- hau-vel
Addition -- haya
Adjacent -- be-, beik
Algebra -- seht-su'us-ek'tal
Algebraic -- seht-su'us-, seht-su'usik
Algebraic curve -- seht-su'us-tsa
Algebraic function -- seht-su'us-kek
Algorithm -- kilkau-torek
Alternate angle -- krusit-vulu
Alternate exterior angle -- krusit-si-vulu
Alternate interior angle -- krusit-tvi-vulu
Alternating series -- krusit-weizehl
Analysis -- nisaya
Analytic function -- nisau-kek
Analytic set -- nisau-eku
Angle -- vulu
Angular acceleration -- vukharat-sahraya
Angular momentum -- vukharat-dvunelinak
Angular velocity -- vukharat-threshan
Antilogarithm -- satalashenek
Antipodal point -- mesyut-sfek
Apothem -- svitan-sazehl t'tsuri-wehk-vla
Arc -- kes
Arc minute -- kes-suk'krus
Arc second -- kes-pi'krus
Arccosecant -- abomesayik vath-sfek-aus
Arccosine -- abomesayik vath-tavat-zes
Arccotangent -- abomesayik vath-sfek-vel
Arcsecant -- abomesayik weht-sfek-aus
Arcsine -- abomesayik vul-tavat-zes
Arctangent -- abomesayik wuh-sfek-vel
Area -- shal
Argument -- nerau-kek-vuhnayek
Arithmetic -- nen-su'us-ek'tal
Asymmetric -- ritalikalik
Average (n.) -- bov
Axial vector -- da-sfek-vukharat
Axiom -- ka'yed
Axis -- da-sfek
Azimuth -- ir-zehl-kes

Bar graph -- fek-besan
Base (geometry) -- nen
Base (number) -- nen-su'us
Base angle -- nen-vulu
Bell curve -- tuh-tsa
Bézier curve -- tsa t'Kusak
Bicentric -- dah-svitan-, dah-svitanik
Binary (adj.) -- t'dahik
Binomial (n.) -- dahsu'us
Binomial coefficient -- dahsu'us-kakratulek
Binomial distribution -- dahsu'us-sagan
Binomial function -- dahsu'us-kek
Binomial theorem -- dahsu'us-kek'yed
Bipolar coordinate -- dah-naik shi-kethel
Bisect -- dahlefau
Bisector -- dahlefayek
Boolean algebra -- seht-su'us-ek'tal t'Seshet
Bracket (n.) -- mad

Calculus -- pitoh-su'us-ek'tal
Circle -- da-kuv
Coefficient -- kakratulek
Cone -- ikun
Conic section -- ikun-fna-krus
Continuity -- fator'es
Convergence -- teretaya
Coordinate -- shi-kethel
Cosecant -- vath-sfek-aus
Cosine -- vath-tavat-zes
Cotangent -- vath-sfek-vel
Cube (number) -- rehs'us
Cube (shape) -- sheh-muk
Cube (v.) -- rehsau
Cube root -- rehs'us-gir
Curve (n.) -- tsa
Cylinder -- tu'mev

Decagon -- leh-vla
Decahedron -- leh-muk
Decimal (adj.) -- lehik
Denominator -- ne-su'us
Diameter -- fna-thon
Difference -- natyan
Differential -- natilak
Differential calculus -- natilauk pitoh-su'us-ek'tal
Differential equation -- natilak-vo'ihn
Differential geometry -- natilak-khlop-thonik su'us-ek'tal
Differential operator -- natilak-el'torayek
Differentiation -- natilaya
Digit -- un
Digraph -- dah-zun
Dimension -- tinga
Directed angle -- khart-vulu
Discontinuity -- rifator'es
Discriminant -- sakathilak
Dispersion -- saganaya
Disphenoid -- dah-shihvek-vel
Distance -- ir
Distribution -- sagan
Disymmetric -- dah-talikalik
Divergence -- sataya
Divergent sequence -- satau-zehlanaya
Divergent series -- satau-weizehl
Divide (v.) -- dahsau
Dividend -- vi-dahsau-vel
Division -- dahsaya
Divisor -- dahsayek
Dodecagon -- leh-dah-vla
Dodecahedron -- leh-dah-muk
Domain -- grenat
Dominance -- abru'es
Double cone -- dah-ikun
Double exponential distribution -- dah-ashenek-sagan
Double exponential integration -- dah-ashenek-ketilaya
Double integral -- dah-ketil
Double series -- dah-weizehl
Duodecimal (adj.) -- leh-dahik
Dyad -- zun-shif

Eccentric -- risvitanik
Eccentricity -- risvitan'es
Edge -- rihk
Eighth (1/8) -- ohruk | 1|8 |
Element -- velak
Elementary function -- nen-kek
Elementary number -- nen-su'us
Elementary operation -- nen-el'toraya
Ellipse -- yuv
Ellipsoid -- yuvan
Ellipsoidal calculus -- yuvanik pitoh-su'us-ek'tal
Ellipsoidal coordinate -- yuv-shi-kethel
Elliptic(al) -- yuv-, yuvik
Elliptic cone -- yuv-ikun
Elliptic curve -- yuv-tsa
Elliptic function -- yuv-kek
Elliptic integral -- yuv-ketil
Elliptic logarithm -- yuv-talashenek
Elliptic plane -- yuv-pa'ashtra
Ellipticity -- yuvik'es
Elongated -- wuvauk
Empty -- herbosh
Endpoint -- shaht-sfek
Equal -- ka-, kaik
Equal-area projection -- ka-shal-salehm
Equality -- ka'es
Equation -- vo'ihn
Equidistant -- ka-ir-, ka-irik
Equilateral hyperbola -- ka-pidvalu
Equilateral polygon -- ka-wehk-vla
Equilateral triangle -- ka-reh-vla
Equilibrium point -- vo'ektilahr-sfek
Equivalence -- ka-tala'es
Equivalent -- ka-talupik
Error -- lafosh
Estimate (n.) -- talupaya
Even number -- viyik su'us
Existence -- nam
Exponent -- ashenek
Exponent laws -- ashenek-gavlar
Exponential distribution -- ashenek-sagan
Exponential function -- ashenek-kek
Exponential integration -- ashenek-ketilaya
Exterior angle -- si-vulu
Extrapolation -- sakunotaya

Factor -- klai
Factorial -- klayanek
Factoring -- klain
False -- yeht-fam
Field -- vunai
Fifth (1/5) -- kauruk | 1|5 |
Figure (n.) -- khlop
Finite -- soshahtik
Fixed element -- nodo-velak
Fixed point -- nodo-sfek
Focus (n.) -- teretau-sfek
Form -- shid
Formula -- nik-tok
Fractal -- nup
Fraction -- krusek
Frame -- nentu
Function -- |is-|kek
Fundamental form -- nen-shid
Fundamental group -- nen-travek
Fundamental system -- nen-torektra
Fundamental unit -- nen-kebi
Fuzzy logic -- zih-ozhika

General diameter -- pa'es-fna-thon
General position -- pa'es-rak
Geodesic -- skonn-zehlik
Geometric distribution -- khlop-thon-sagan
Geometric sequence -- khlop-thon-zehlanaya
Geometric series -- khlop-thon-weizehl
Geometry -- khlop-thonik su'us-ek'tal
Gnomon -- kruhk
Googol -- teh-ris-su'us
Gradient -- vulak
Graph (n.) -- sfek-besan
Greater than -- weht do
Grid -- vis
Group -- travek

Half (1/2) -- ulef | 1|2 |
Harmonic coordinate -- kril-shi-kethel
Harmonic distribution -- kril-sagan
Harmonic equation -- kril-vo'ihn
Harmonic function -- kril-kek
Harmonic number -- kril-su'us
Harmonic sequence -- kril-zehlanaya
Harmonic series -- kril-weizehl
Hectogon -- teh-vla
Heptadecagon -- leh-steh-vla
Heptagon -- steh-vla
Hexadecagon -- leh-sheh-vla
Hexagon -- sheh-vla
Hexahedron -- sheh-muk
Hexaoctahedron -- sheh-oh-muk
Horizontal -- yutik
Hyperbola -- pidvalu
Hyperbolic geometry -- pidvalu-khlop-thonik su'us-ek'tal
Hyperbolic plane -- pidvalu-pa'ashtra
Hyperbolic point -- pidvalu-sfek
Hypergeometric distribution -- pid-khlop-sagan
Hypergeometric function -- pid-khlop-kek
Hypergeometric series -- pid-khlop-weizehl
Hypotenuse -- sames-vulu-zehl
Hypothesis -- ul-wihka

Icosahedron -- dah-leh-vla
Ideal number -- tangu-su'us
Ideal point -- tangu-sfek
Identity -- sha'es
Image -- glakuv
Imaginary number -- glenon-su'us
Imaginary point -- glenon-sfek
Inclusion map -- vinam-besan
Induction -- vimevilaya
Infinite -- va'; vaik
Infinity -- va'es
Integer -- ek'su'us
Integral -- ketil
Integral calculus -- ketilik pitoh-su'us-ek'tal (TGV), ketil-su'us-ek'tal (MGV)
Integral equation -- ketil-vo'ihn
Integration -- ketilaya
Intercept (n.) -- fnakaya
Interior angle -- tvi-vulu
Intersection -- tvimesaya
Interval -- tvi'eku
Inverse (adj.) -- abomesauk
Inversion -- abomesaya
Irregular -- ripakhaik
Isohedron -- ka-vla
Isosceles trapezoid -- dah-kaik wuh-vlavla-vel
Isosceles triangle -- dah-kaik reh-vla
Iteration -- ashivaya

Join -- terau

Kernel -- nei-eku

Lattice -- nentu-vis
Law -- te-gav
Layer -- tin
Leg -- mal
Length -- wu-vath
Less than -- ten do
Level (adj.) -- vokik
Limit -- grei
Limit point -- grei-sfek
Line -- zehl
Line element -- zehl-velak
Line segment -- zehl-krus
Linear algebra -- zehlik seht-su'us-ek'tal
Linear equation -- zehl-vo'ihn
Linear group -- zehl-travek
Linear operator -- zehl-el'torayek
Link (n.) -- naf
List (n.) -- feim
Location -- shi
Locus -- eku-svitan
Logarithm -- talashenek
Logarithmic distribution -- talash-sagan
Logarithmic integral -- talash-ketil
Logarithmic number -- talash-su'us
Logarithmic spiral -- talash-kulan
Logic -- ozhika
Lower factorial -- weh-nuk-klayanek
Lower integral -- weh-nuk-ketil
Lower limit -- weh-nuk-grei
Lower sum -- weh-nuk hau-ov
Lune -- tvimesau-kes-krus

Mantissa -- teh-krus t'talashenek
Map -- besan
Mathematics -- su'us-ek'tal
Matrix -- viskulan
Maximum (n.) -- ek'an
Mean (average) -- bov
Measurement -- thon
Midpoint -- sviti-sfek
Midrange -- sviti-eik'es
Minimum -- ten'an
Minor axis -- tenu-da-sfek
Minus -- teni
Mirror image -- haul-glakuv
Mirror plane -- haul-pa'ashtra
Mixed fraction -- rish-krusek
Mode -- nuk
Module -- natel
Modulus -- natesh
Momentum -- dvunelinak
Monomial -- wuh-zhil
Multilinear -- wehk-zehlik
Multinomial -- wehk-zhil
Multiplication -- wehkovaya
Multiplier -- wehkovayek
Multiply -- wehkovau
Multiset -- wehk-eku
Mutation -- tselaya

Natural equation -- malat-vo'ihn
Natural logarithm -- malat-talashenek
Natural number -- malat-su'us
Negative (adj.) -- u'rak
Noble number -- thol-su'us
Node -- kal
Nonadecagon -- leh-nau-vla
Nonagon -- nau-vla
Nonahedron -- nau-muk
Nonnegative -- riu'rak
Normal distribution -- tsuri-sagan
Normal equation -- tsuri-vo'ihn
Normal form -- tsuri-shid
Normal function -- tsuri-kek
Normal group -- tsuri-travek
Normal matrix -- tsuri-viskulan
Normal number -- tsuri-su'us
Normal order -- tsuri-zek
Normal plane -- tsuri-pa'ashtra
Normal section -- tsuri-fna-krus
Normal vector -- tsuri-vukharat
Number -- su'us
Numerator -- abru-su'us

Object -- vel
Oblique angle -- luf-vulu
Obtuse angle -- abru-vulu
Octadecagon -- leh-oh-vla
Octagon -- oh-vla
Octahendron -- oh-muk
Octakaidecagon -- leh-oh-vla
Odd number -- shaik su'us
Open interval -- tu'ash-tvi'eku
Open set -- tu'ash-eku
Operation -- el'toraya
Operator -- el'torayek
Orbit (n.) -- pa-yut
Order (n.) -- zek
Ordered pair -- zek-shif
Orthogonal function -- zeh-kek
Orthogonal group -- zeh-travek
Orthogonal lines -- zeh-zehllar
Orthogonal matrix -- zeh-viskulan
Orthogonal transformation -- zeh-mesuvulaya
Orthogonal vector -- zeh-vukharat
Oval -- yuv-, yuvik

Pair -- shif
Parabola -- dakhvalu
Parabolic coordinates -- dakhvalu-shi-kethellar
Parabolic point -- dakhvalu-sfek
Parabolic segment -- dakhvalu-krus
Parallel (adj.) -- vlavla
Parallelogram -- dah-vlavla-vel
Parallelohedron -- vlavla-muk
Parameter -- nus
Parametric equation -- nus-vo'ihn
Parametric test -- nus-nisan
Parity -- ka'es
Partial -- ul-, ulik
Path -- yut
Pentad -- kauyek
Pentadecagon -- kau-leh-vla
Pentagon -- kau-vla
Pentagonal dodecahedron -- kau-vlayik leh-dah-muk
Pentagonal number -- kau-vla-su'us
Pentagonal prism -- kau-vla-takurek
Pentagonal pyramid -- kau-vla-rekun
Pentahedron -- kau-muk
Pentakaidecagon -- leh-kau-vla
Percent -- sateh
Periodic -- wak-krus-, wak-krusik
Permutation -- sasuhlitaya
Perpendicular (adj.) -- sazeh-, sazehik
Perpendicular (n.) -- sazehl
Perspective -- vulunaya
Phase -- wek
Pie chart -- shihvek-besan
Place (n.) -- shi
Planar distance -- pa'ashtra-ir
Planar graph -- pa'ashtra-besan
Planar point -- pa'ashtra-sfek
Plane -- pa'ashtra
Plane curve -- pa'ashtra-tsa
Plane division -- pa'ashtra-dahsaya
Plane geometry -- pa'ashtra-khlop-thonik su'us-ek'tal
Plus -- eh, heh
Plus or minus (+/-) -- teni-heh
Point -- sfek
Point circle -- sfek-da-kuv
Point-line distance -- sfek-zehl-ir
Point-plane distance -- sfek-pa'ashtra-ir
Point-point distance -- sfek-sfek-ir
Polar angle -- na-vulu
Polar circle -- na-da-kuv
Polar coordinates -- na-shi-kethellar
Polarity -- na'es
Pole -- na
Polygon -- wehk-vla
Polyhedron -- wehk-muk
Polynomial -- wehk-zhil
Position -- rak
Positive (adj.) -- a'rak
Power -- tepul
Primary -- nen-, nenik
Prime -- nenat
Prime number -- nenat-su'us
Prime polynomial -- nenat-wehk-zhil
Prism -- takurek
Probability -- yesik'es
Probability function -- yesik'es-kek
Probable error -- yes-lafosh
Problem -- wat
Product -- satorvu
Projection -- salehm
Proof -- skan
Pyramid -- rekun

Quadrant -- shalat
Quadratic equation -- dahpul-vo'ihn
Quadratic formula -- dahpul-nik-tok
Quadratic integral -- dahpul-ketil
Quadrilateral (n.) -- keh-vel
Quantifier -- nosahek
Quantity -- nosahp
Quarter (1/4) -- yonuk | 1|4 |
Quartet -- kehek
Quintet -- kauyek
Quotient -- dahsau-nosahp

Radial (adj.) -- azehl-, azehlik
Radical -- sagir
Radius -- sakuvu
Radix -- torektra-nen
Random distribution -- kafun-sagan
Random number -- kafun-su'us
Random variable -- kafun-vuhnayek
Range -- eik'es
Rank -- lan
Ratio -- tavat
Ray -- azehl
Real axis -- yeht-da-sfek
Real number -- yeht-su'us
Real polynomial -- yeht-wehk-zhil
Reciprocal (n.) -- meskulan
Rectangle -- gas-vulu-vel
Reduction -- netakidaya
Reflection -- haulan
Regular number -- tsuri-su'us
Regular polygon -- tsuri-wehk-vla
Regular sequence -- tsuri-zehlanaya
Remainder -- hafayat
Replicate -- nel'ashau
Rhombododecahedron -- ayayik leh-dah-muk
Rhombohedron -- ayayik keh-vla
Rhombus -- ayau-keh-vla
Right angle -- gas-vulu
Right triangle -- gas-vuluyik reh-vla
Root -- gir
Rotation -- dan
Rule -- to-go

Scale -- mathu
Scalene triangle -- rika-reh-vla
Scalenohedron -- rika-reh-vlayik wehk-muk
Secant -- weht-sfek-aus
Section -- fna-krus
Sector -- krusat
Segment -- krus
Semicircle -- ulef-da-kuv
Separation -- dahshaya
Septahedron -- steh-muk
Sequence (n.) -- zehlanaya
Series -- weizehl
Set -- eku
Seventh (1/7) -- stehruk | 1|7 |
Shadow (n.) -- duv
Shape -- shid
Side -- vla
Similar -- kahkwa
Simple -- veli-, velik
Sine -- vulu-tavat-zes
Sixth (1/6) -- shehruk | 1|6 |
Slope -- vul
Solid (n.) -- huht
Solution -- kilkaya
Solve -- kilkau
Space -- ret
Sphenoid -- shihvek-vel
Sphere -- ek'kal
Spherical coordinates -- ek'kal-shi-kethellar
Spherical geometry -- ek'kal-khlop-thonik su'us-ek'tal
Spherical trigonometry -- ek'kal-reh-vlupik su'us-ek'tal
Spiral (n.) -- kulan
Square (number) -- shai'us
Square (shape) -- keh-vla
Square (v.) -- shai-wehkovau
Square root -- shai'us-gir
Stability -- tihet'es
Straight (adj.) -- zeh-, zehik
Structure (form) -- velek
Subset -- krus-eku
Subtract (v.) -- sanem-tor
Subtraction -- sanem(an)
Sum -- hau-ov
Surface -- skonn
Symmetric -- talikal-, talikalik
Symmetry -- talikal
System -- torektra

Tangent (n.) -- wuh-sfek-vel
Tenth (1/10) -- lehruk | 1|10 |
Test (n.) -- nisan
Tetradecagon -- keh-leh-vla
Tetradecahedron -- keh-leh-muk
Tetragon -- keh-vla
Tetrahedron -- keh-muk
Tetrahexahedron -- keh-sheh-muk
Tetrakaidecagon -- leh-keh-vla
Tetrakaidecahedron -- leh-keh-muk
Theorem -- kek'yed
Theory -- wihka
Third (1/3) -- rehruk | 1|3 |
Three fourths (3/4) -- reh-yonuk | 3|4 |
Torus -- kap-kuv
Total (n.) -- ovus
Transformation -- mesuvulaya
Trapezohedron -- wuh-vlavlayik wehk-muk
Trapezoid -- wuh-vlavla-vel
Triangle -- reh-vla
Tridecagon -- reh-leh-vla
Trigonometry -- reh-vlupik su'us-ek'tal
Trihedron -- reh-muk
Trinomial -- rehsu'us
Triskaidecagon -- leh-reh-vla
Trisoctahedron -- reh-oh-muk
Truncated cone -- snem-ikun
Truncated cube -- snem-sheh-muk
Truncated pyramid -- snem-rekun
Type (kind) -- ves

Unique (adj.) -- wuhin-, wuhinik
Unit -- kebi
Unity -- kaunsh'es
Upper integral -- weh-abu-ketil
Upper limit -- weh-abu-grei
Upper sum -- weh-abuhik hau-ov

Value -- tala
Variable (n.) -- vuhnayek
Variation -- vuhnaya
Variety -- vuhna'es
Vector (n.) -- vukharat
Velocity -- threshan
Vertex -- um-sfek
Vertical (adj.) -- abru'lik
Volume -- retahp

Wave -- pral
Weight -- rasath
Whole number -- ek'su'us
Width -- eik-vath

X-Axis -- sih-da-sfek
X-Intercept -- sih-fnakaya

Y-Axis -- tih-da-sfek
Y-Intercept -- tih-fnakaya

Z-Axis -- pih-da-sfek
Z-Intercept -- pih-fnakaya
Zero (n.) -- ris
Zone -- shal

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