Zhilikam t'Faukh t'Hahmp'tuhn Rodz
|Manihtuhr tehn'Vuhrdzhihnyuh|

The two-day Battle of Hampton Roads during the American Civil War, also referred to as The Battle of the Monitor and Merrimack, The Battle of the Monitor and Virginia or The Battle of Ironclads, in March 1862 C.E., changed the way ships would be built from then on. Although the battle was essentially a stalemate, despite the loss of several Union ships, the age of the all-wooden ship was over. Before the end of the year, both vessels were lost - the USS Monitor sank at sea while under tow and the CSS Virginia was scuttled. Many years later, the Monitor was found on the seafloor and eventually the turret, engine, several guns and other artifacts were recovered and restored for display. The Virginia was destroyed in an explosion, although an anchor and small pieces of armor have been recovered.

Below you will find terminology and names relating to the battle, ships, people and places involved. indicates a Union ship or person. indicates a Confederate ship or person. † indicates people who were killed during the battle. (We used writings or memoirs of four people who were at the battle, two vintage books and several internet references for this page.) Rank abbreviations are sorted as the spelled-out word per Vulcan rules.

Abandon -- ek'trasha
Aboard (adj.) -- fihaliyan-, fihaliyanik
Above-water hull -- abru-masu-vukh
Accelerate -- sahrau
Acceleration -- sahraya
Access -- thro (n.), thro-tor (v.)
Acting Master J.N. Webber -- Toran-Trensu Dzh. N. Webuhr
Acting Master Louis N. Stodder -- Toran-Trensu Luwihs N. Staduhr
Acting Master Samuel Howard -- Toran-Trensu Sahmyu'uhl Hauwuhrd
Action -- torai
Admiral -- halitra-lan
Adversary -- hahf
Afloat (adj.) -- markauli
Aft -- za'le (direction); za-krus (rear part)
Aftermath -- po-wak
Aground (adj.) -- fisolektal-, fisolektalik
Ahead -- khom-krus'le
Alongside (prep.) -- be'
Amidships (adj.) -- khihaliyanik
Ammunition -- pohsh-tukh
Anchor -- mavohrek (n.); mavohrek-tor (v.)
Anchorage -- shi'mavohrekan
Approach -- betaya (n.), betau (v.)
Armament -- wuntra
At anchor -- fimavohrek-, fimavohrekik
The Atlantic Ocean -- Aht'lahntik Masutra
Awash -- abrumashen-, abrumashenik
Awning -- sai-wein

Ballast (n.) -- tihet'es-rasath-tukh
Banner -- |geldel-|haifan
Barge (n.) -- |pilash-|tus-hali
Bay (n.) -- tchol
Barrel -- subok (container); wun-mev (gun)
Battle (n.) -- faukh
The Battle of Hampton Roads -- Faukh t'Hahmp'tuhn Rodz |Faukh t'Sagef-Shi'Mavohrekan t'Hahmp'tuhn|
Beach -- shahov (n.); fishahov-tor (v.)
Bell (n.) -- kus-vakh
Below (prep.) -- ne'
Beside (prep.) -- be'
Bilge -- smashau-shal |t'masu-hali|
Bilge pump -- smashau-shal-spol
Blockade -- asklotaya (n.), asklotau (v.)
Blockader (blockade ship) -- asklotau-MH
Blower-engine -- salur-mishu
Boat -- pi'mashali
Boatswain's Mate John Stocking -- G-EP Dzhan Staking
Boiler -- kahnek
Bolt -- terk (n.); terkau (v.)
Bow -- khom-krus
Bracket (n.) -- mad
Breech (n., gun) -- pohsh-tus-sharu, pohsh-tus-shaht
Breech-loader -- pohsh-tus-wun
Breeze (n.) -- pi-salan
Broadside (n.) -- ek'vla
Bulkhead -- tvi-temok
Bullet -- mesk-pohshulek
Buoyancy -- abmarkan'es
Burn -- yontaya (n.), yontau (v.)
Burst -- thoraya (n.), thorau (v.)

CSS Beaufort -- EKUH °Bo'fort°
CSS Jamestown -- EKUH °Dzheimz'taun°
CSS Patrick Henry -- EKUH °Pahtrihk Hen'ri°
CSS Raleigh -- EKUH °Rali°
CSS Teaser -- EKUH °Tizuhr°
CSS Torpedo -- EKUH °Tor'pido°
CSS Virginia -- EKUH °Vuhr'dzhihnyuh°
Cable (n., line) -- elakh
Cannon -- thorshun
Captain Gershom Jacques Van Brunt -- Khart-Lan Gershom Zhak Van Brunt
Captain John Marston -- Khart-Lan Dzhan Marstuhn
Captain John Tucker -- Khart-Lan Dzhan Tuhkuhr
Captain William Radford -- Khart-Lan Wihl'yuhm Rahd'fuhrd
Captain William Smith -- Khart-Lan Wihl'yuhm Smihth
Cartridge -- svekh
Cast iron -- vishizh-shek|-tukh|
Chain (n.) -- naf-elakh (TGV), naflakh (MGV)
Chaplain John L. Lenhart -- Aski-Dva-Fulagsu Dzhan L. Len'hart †
Chart (n.) -- besan
Chase -- zasahr (n.), zasahr-tor (v.)
Chesapeake Bay -- Tchol t'Thesuh'pik
Chief Engineer Alban Stimers -- Fik-Mishek Ahlbuhn Staimuhrz
Chief Engineer H. Ashton Ramsay -- Fik-Mishek H. Ahsh'tuhn Rahmzi
Chronometer -- wak-thonek, to-kisevyalik wak-vel
Cleat -- dah-stonn |vel na'sharan elakh|
Coal -- kastik-kov
Coal bunker -- kastik-kov-tsoral
Coast -- gef (n., shore); muhftau (v., move without power)
Collision -- terkwul
Command -- khartausutra (n., people); khartaya (n.), khartau (v.)
Commander Benjamin J. Totten -- Zhel-Lan Bendzhuh'mihn Dzh. Tatuhn
Commander Catesby ap Roger Jones -- Zhel-Lan Keits'bi ap Radzhuhr Dzhonz
Commander Ebenezer Farrand -- Zhel-Lan Ebuh'nizuhr Fuhrahnd
Commander John K. Tucker -- Zhel-Lan Dzhan K. Tuhkuhr
Commanding officer (CO) -- khartaun-lansu
Commissioned officer -- pukadvinal-lansu
Commodore Franklin Buchanan -- Wuh-Khar-Lan Frahnklihn Byu'kahnuhn
Commodore Louis M. Goldsborough -- Wuh-Kahr-Lan Luwihs M. Goldz'buhro
Compass (n.) -- seshan-kharat-thonek
Complement -- sutra-nosahp
Confederate States Navy (CSN) -- Masu'er t'EKU
Confederate States of America (CSA) -- Ek'teral-Krusollar t'Uhmerikuh |EKU|
Counterattack (n.) -- tehnonashiv
Course (n.) -- rivak (path of travel); nuk-mashalo-thalv (lower sail)
Craney Island -- Vikuvtra t'Kreini
Crew (n.) -- |hali-|sutra
Current (n.) -- masutra-pilash
Cylinder -- tu'mev

Dahlgren gun -- pohshayek t'Dal'gren (TGV), pohshek t'Dal'gren (MGV)
Damage -- zakar (n.), zakar-tor (v.)
Davit -- pi'mashali-geldayek
Day -- gad
Dead ahead -- khar-khom-krus'le
Dead astern -- khar-harr-krus'le
Deck -- lan-tol
Depth -- gluder
Design -- patanafaya (n.), patanafau (v.)
Designer -- patanafausu
Dial (n.) -- mik
Displacement -- sa'dvun
Distance -- ir
Dock -- kif (n.); kifau (v.)
Dr. Algernon Garnett -- Hassu Ahldzhuhr'nan Gar'net
Dr. Dinwiddie Phillips -- Hassu Dihn'wihdi Fihlihps
Dr. John Mason -- Hassu Dzhan Meisuhn
Dr. Randolph Mason -- Hassu Rahndalf Meisuhn
Door -- svep
Drift -- maraya (n.), marau (v.)
Drydock, Dry dock (n.) -- smash-hali-kif
Duel (n.) -- pagun (n.), pagun-tor (v.)

East -- she'rak
Elizabeth River -- Pilash t'I'lihzuh'beth
Engine -- mishu
Engine-room -- mishu-shal
Engineer (n.) -- mishek
Even keel -- kauk-markanik
Executive officer (XO) -- fitartau-lansu
Explode -- thorshau
Explosion -- thorshaya
Explosion ship/vessel -- thorshau-MH

Fail -- vravshau
Failure -- vravshaya
Fight -- puk (n.), puk-tor (v.)
Fire (n.) -- yon
Fire-room -- kahnek-shal
Fireman -- yon-palutunausu
First Assistant Engineer Isaac Newton -- Wuhr-Gol'nev-Mishek Aizuhk Nutuhn
Flag (n.) -- haifan
Flame (n.) -- yai
Flat-bottomed -- pa'ash-ne-vlalik
Float (v.) -- markau
Foredeck -- fa-lan-tol
Forwards -- fa'le, fa'rak
Founder (v., sink) -- ne'hal-tor
Fourth Assistant Engineer M.T. Sunstrom -- Kehr-Gol'nev-Mishek M. T. Suhn'struhm
Frigate -- ahkhunat-hali
Funnel (n.) -- |vuzh-|woht

Gangplank -- thro-dohn
Gauge (n.) -- mik-yal
Gear (n.) -- zud-halek (mech.); tanovau-tukh (supplies)
Graving dock -- torvaunik heh teslaunik smash-hali-kif
Grease (n.) -- thelmin
Gun (n.) -- pohshayek (TGV), pohshek (MGV)
Gun port -- thorshun-sharu, pohshayek-sharu (TGV), pohshek-sharu (MGV)
Gun turret -- pohsh-dakebi
Gunboat, Gun-boat -- pohshek-pi'mashali
Gunner -- pohshausu
Gunner's Mate Joseph Crown -- Gol'nevsu t'Pohshausu Dzhosuhf Kraun
Gunpowder -- pohsh-grazhiv

Hammer (n.) -- mah-vel
Hammock -- yuk-geldayek
Hampton Roads -- Hahmp'tuhn Rodz |Sagef-Shi'Mavohrekan t'Hahmp'tuhn|
Handle (n.) -- el'rek
Hatch (n., door) -- thro-svep
Heading -- talkaya
Heated shot -- falekal-poh
Helm -- dakharau-halek (wheel); dakharau-shal (station)
Helmsman -- dakharausu
Hull (n.) -- vukh

Inertia -- kahla
Injure -- dash-tor
Injury -- dash
Iron (n., metal) -- shek-tukh
Ironclad, Ironclad warship -- shek-tukh-weinalik ZhMH
Ironclad ram -- klunyaunik shek-tukh-weinalik ZhMH

Jacket (clothing) -- kopal
James River -- Pilash t'Dzheimz
James River Squadron -- Pi-Halitra t'Pilash t'Dzheimz
John Ericsson -- Dzhan Erihksuhn

Keel (n.) -- ne-|hali-|plat
Knob -- elat
Knot -- gor (n.), gor-tor (v.); nat (n., unit of speed)

Ladder -- pu'uth
Land -- solektra (n., ground); shasol (n., nation); fisolekau (v.)
Landmark -- solektra-salim
Lantern -- |makh-|yonet
Launch -- vimashali (n., boat); vimasushitau (v.)
Leak -- tasaya (n.), tasau (v.)
Leave -- trasha
Lee -- hayal-vla
Lt. Austin Pendergrast -- Ot-Lan Astihn Penduhr'grahst
Lt. George E. Tabb -- Ot-Lan Dzhordzh E. Tahb
Lt. George U. Morris -- Ot-Lan Dzhordzh U. Morihs
Lt. J.L. Worden -- Ot-Lan Dzh. L. Worduhn
Lt. J.N. Barney -- Ot-Lan Dzh. N. Barni
Lt. J.W. Alexander -- Ot-Lan Dzh. W. Ahlihg'zahnduhr
Lt. John Taylor Wood -- Ot-Lan Dzhan Teiluhr Wuuhd
Lt. Joseph B. Smith -- Ot-Lan Dzhosuhf B. Smihth †
Lt. R.D. Minor -- Ot-Lan R. D. Mainuhr
Lt. S. Dana Greene -- Ot-Lan S. Deinuh Grin
Lt. W.A. Webb -- Ot-Lan W. A. Web
Lt. William H. Parker -- Ot-Lan Wihl'yuhm H. Parkuhr
Line of fire -- pohsh-zehl
Line of sight -- gla-zehl
Location -- shi
Log, Logbook (n.) -- hali-dunap
Lost at sea (adj.) -- fimasutra-pakalik

Machine (n.) -- mish-vel
Machinery -- mish-veltra
Magazine (ammo storage) -- pohsh-tukh-tsorkel
Maintain -- rompotau
Maintenance -- rompotaya
Man (n.) -- sasu
Maneuver -- khardvun (n.), khardvu-tor (v.)
Maneuverability -- khardvu-yehat'es
Maneuverable -- khardvu-yehat
Mast -- mashalo-thalv-lap
Mechanism -- tor-vel
Midday -- sviti-gad
Midshipman -- ne-lansu
Monitor (n., ship) -- manihtuhr
Move away from -- sadvun-tor
Move towards -- nadvun-tor
Movement -- dvun
Mud (n.) -- vrel (general term); ne'ti-tukh (boiler sediment)
Muzzle (n., gun) -- |wun-|ru'lut
Muzzle flash -- wun-ru'lut-kahat

Nameboard -- ahm-dohn
Nansemond River -- Pilash t'Nahnsuh'mand
Narrow (adj.) -- wonil|-|
Naval battle -- masu'er-faukh
Naval officer -- masu'er-lansu
Naval ship -- masu'er-masu-hali (TGV), masu'er-mashali (MGV)
Navigate -- kharau
Navigation -- kharaya
Navigation light -- kharau-ha'gel
Navy -- masu'er
Navy yard -- masu'er-kifker
Newport News, Virginia -- Nu'port Nuuz - Vuhr'dzhihnyuh
Norfolk, Virginia -- Nor'fuhk - Vuhr'dzhihnyuh
North -- desh'rak
Northeast -- desh-she'rak
Northwest -- desh-tev'rak

Observation -- glantaya
Observe -- glantau
Observer -- glantausu
Ocean -- masutra
Officer -- lansu
Oil (n.) -- elmin
Old Point -- Old Point |Os-Sfek|
Ordnance -- wun-tukh, aski-ar'kada-tukh, pohshaituneya

Parallel course -- vlavla-rivak
Performance -- torperan
Pilot (n.) -- yut-kharausu
Pilot-house -- halek-kel
Pipe (n.) -- |mas|mev
Pivot gun -- da-sfek-pohshayek (TGV), da-sfek-pohshek (MGV)
Platform -- skaf
Pole (n., rod) -- fek
Port, Port side -- los'rak-vla
Port, Porthole -- |pauk-|krani
Powder charge -- pohsh-grazhiv-thorshlun
Power -- tepul (n.), tepuh (v.)
President Abraham Lincoln -- Tobuhflihsu Eibruh'hahm Linkuhn
President Jefferson Davis -- Tobuhflihsu Dzhefuhr'suhn Deivihs
Prisoner of war (P.O.W.) -- ahkh-yefansu
Propeller -- datayek
Propulsion -- dataya
Protect -- geretau
Protection -- geretaya
Prototype -- fu-vel
Pump -- spol (n.), spol-tor (v.)

Quartermaster -- halek-palutunausu
Quartermaster Peter Williams -- Halek-Palutunausu Pituhr Wihl'yuhmz

Raid -- absakaya (n.), absakau (v.)
Rail (n.) -- shefek (metal), lapafek (wood)
Railing (n.) -- shefekus
Ram -- klunyayek (n., device); klunyau-hali (n., ship); klunyau (v.)
Reconnaissance -- zambelk
Recover -- vetsau
Recovery -- vetsaya
Refit -- va'ash-zup (n.), va'ash-zup-tor (v.)
Refloat -- va'ash-markau
Relief valve -- vas-spunek
Repair -- teslaya (n.), teslau (v.)
Rescue -- korsaya (n.), korsau (v.)
Retreat -- sahahmaya (n.), sahahmau (v.)
Retrieval -- zaprahn
Retrieve -- zaprah
Return -- fun (n.), fun-tor (v.)
Rifle (n.) -- kar-pohshayek (TGV), kar-pohshek (MGV)
River -- pilash
Rivet (n.) -- mah-terayek
Roadstead, Roads -- sagef-shi'mavohrekan
Rope (n.) -- elakh
Rotate (v.) -- da-tor
Rotation -- dan
Rudder -- lahrn
Run aground -- fisolektau

Sailing ship -- mashaloli
Salvage -- korstun (n.), korstuh (v.)
Salvo (n.) -- ek'pohshaya
Sand -- mazhiv
Sand-bar -- mazhiv-zehl
Screw (n.) -- dwuhrk (fastener); datayek (propeller)
Scuttle (v.) -- lof-ne'hal-tor
Sea -- masutra
Seam -- fenul
Seaman Thomas Lochrane -- Masutrasu Tamuhs Lak'ruhn
Second Assistant Engineer A.B. Campbell -- Dahr-Gol'nev-Mishek A. B. Kahmbuhl
Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles -- Masu'er-Kus-Lansu Gihdiuhn Welz
Sewell's Point -- Suwuhlz Point |Sfek t'Suwuhl|
Shallow (adj.) -- gan|-|
Sharpshooter -- naa-pohshausu
Shell (n., weaponry) -- mopoh
Ship (n.) -- masu-hali (TGV), mashali (MGV) |MH|
Shipmate -- hali-katravahsu
Shipyard -- hali-torvau-kifker; shi'masu-hali-torvaya (TGV), shi'mashali-torvaya (MGV)
Shoot (v.) -- pohshau
Shore (n.) -- gef
Shore battery -- gef-pohshaikebi
Shoreline -- gef-zehl
Shot (n.) -- pohshaya (act of shooting); poh (pellet)
Sight-hole -- gla-razh
Signal -- glantokaya (n.), glantokau (v.)
Sloop-of-war -- aski wuh-lap-mashaloli
Smoke (n.) -- vuzh
Smokestack -- vuzh-mev, |vuzh-|woht
South -- khu'rak
Southeast -- khu-she'rak
Southwest -- khu-tev'rak
Speaking-tube -- staribenan-mev
Splinter -- lapsashus (n.); lapsashau (v.)
Stability -- tihet'es
Stable (adj.) -- tihet|-|
Steam (n.) -- zhis
Steam engine -- zhis-mishu
Steam frigate -- zhis-ahkhunat-hali
Steam whistle -- zhis-zispul
Steamship -- zhis-masu-hali (TGV), zhis-mashali (MGV) |ZhMH|
Stern -- harr|-krus|
Store-ship -- tanil-tukh-MH
Sunken ship -- ne'halal-masu-hali (TGV), ne'halal-mashali (MGV)
Support ship -- nenikau-masu-hali (TGV), nenikau-mashali (MGV)
Surprise -- ak'wikmut (n.), ak'wikmun (v.)
Surrender -- abutsuplaya (n.), abutsuplau (v.)
Survivor -- rishalsu

Target -- les (n.), les-tor (v.)
Telescope (n.) -- irak-zan-vel, el'ru-zan-vel
Third Assistant Engineer R.W. Hands -- Rehr-Gol'nev-Mishek R. W. Hahndz
Tide -- mashen
Tool (n.) -- raul
Top (n.) -- fik
Torpedo fender -- markaun-thorshek-sakrihpayek
Tug(-boat) -- seshau-hali
Turn -- pa'elakhaya (n., rope, etc.); da-tor (v.)
Turn radius -- da-sakuvu
Turret (n.) -- dawunyek

USS Brandywine -- KKUH °Brahndi'wain°
USS Congress -- KKUH °Kangruhs°
USS Cumberland -- KKUH °Kuhmbuhr'luhnd°
USS Merrimack -- KKUH °Merih'mahk°
USS Minnesota -- KKUH °Mihnuh'sotuh°
USS Monitor -- KKUH °Manihtuhr°
USS Roanoke -- KKUH °Ro'uh'nok°
USS St. Lawrence -- KKUH °Seint Loruhns°
Union Army -- Ask'er t'Kaunshaya |Ask'er t'KKU|
Union Navy -- Masu'er t'Kaunshaya |Masu'er t'KKU|
United States Navy (USN) -- Masu'er t'KKU
United States of America (USA) -- Kaunshal-Krusollar t'Uhmerikuh |KKU|
Upright (adj.) -- abuvenik
Upside-down (adj.) -- abu-vla-nu'leyik

Valve -- spunek
Vent (n.) -- krau
Ventilate -- kraulau
Ventilation -- kraulaya
Vessel -- hali
Vibrate -- bluhmbau
Vibration -- bluhmbaya

Wake (n.) -- za-masu
Warship -- aski-masu-hali (TGV), aski-mashali (MGV) |AMH|
Water (n.) -- masu (general); mon-masu (for drinking)
Waterline -- masu-zehl
Wave (n.) -- pral
Weakness -- kobat'es
Weapon -- wun
West -- tev'rak
Wheel (n.) -- halek
Wheelhouse -- halek-kel
Wind (n.) -- salan
Wreck -- kwuhsh (n.); kwuhsh-tor (v.)
Wreckage -- kwuhsh-tukh
Wrought iron -- zupal-shek-tukh

Yaw -- rishihalan (n.), rishihal-tor (v.)

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All original work on these pages ©1980-2016 by Mark Gardner et al
operating as the Vulcan Language Institute™.

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